Electrolysis | Definition, Uses, & Facts (2024)

chemical reaction

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electrolysis, process by which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. The chemical change is one in which the substance loses or gains an electron (oxidation or reduction). The process is carried out in an electrolytic cell, an apparatus consisting of positive and negative electrodes held apart and dipped into a solution containing positively and negatively charged ions. The substance to be transformed may form the electrode, may constitute the solution, or may be dissolved in the solution. Electric current (i.e., electrons) enters through the negatively charged electrode (cathode); components of the solution travel to this electrode, combine with the electrons, and are transformed (reduced). The products can be neutral elements or new molecules. Components of the solution also travel to the other electrode (anode), give up their electrons, and are transformed (oxidized) to neutral elements or new molecules. If the substance to be transformed is the electrode, the reaction is often one in which the electrode dissolves by giving up electrons.

Electrolysis is used extensively in metallurgical processes, such as in extraction (electrowinning) or purification (electrorefining) of metals from ores or compounds and in deposition of metals from solution (electroplating). Metallic sodium and chlorine gas are produced by the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride; electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride yields sodium hydroxide and chlorine gas. Hydrogen and oxygen are produced by the electrolysis of water.

Electrolysis | Definition, Uses, & Facts (1)

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Electrolysis | Definition, Uses, & Facts (2024)

FAQs

Electrolysis | Definition, Uses, & Facts? ›

electrolysis, process by which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. The chemical change is one in which the substance loses or gains an electron (oxidation or reduction).

What are the uses of electrolysis? ›

Extraction of metals. Purification of metals. Electrolytic reduction of metals from their compounds.

What are the key facts about electrolysis? ›

Electrolysis works by passing an electric current through an electrolyte solution. The electric current causes the ions in the solution to move towards the electrodes, where they undergo chemical reactions that result in the release of either positively or negatively charged particles.

How important is electrolysis? ›

Yes, electrolysis safely and permanently removes hair from all skin tones. It is the only FDA-approved permanent hair removal treatment. Because electrolysis permanently destroys the growth cells in the hair follicles, the hair will not grow back.

What is the goal of electrolysis? ›

Electrolysis is the process of using an electrical current to drive a non-spontaneous reaction. Purposes for using this process include the separation of elements from natural sources, purification of metals and decomposition of compounds.

What is electrolysis not used for? ›

Electrolysis is not used in making leathers and making plastics.

What industries use electrolysis? ›

This process can be used to give an object a decorative finish, protect the object from corrosion, or give an object new material properties. Electroplating is used in the creation of jewelry, kitchen utensils, automotive parts, and components in electrical circuits.

What is a downside to electrolysis? ›

Electrolysis Cons

It's a time-consuming procedure requiring multiple sessions. Skin discoloration is a possibility. The electricity in the device can actually destroy the capillaries in the surrounding areas. It can be very painful. It is not recommended for people with rosacea since the skin is so easily irritated.

What is the main disadvantage of electrolysis? ›

Electrolysis can discolor skin - It's rare, but if the hair isn't hit precisely, it can cause hyperpigmentation to the surrounding skin. The damage is minor and depends on the skin reaction of each individual. Also, damage can be mitigated by a highly skilled technician, as well as the use of sunscreen.

Who should avoid electrolysis? ›

Absolute Contra-Indications – Requires a Doctor's Note: Diabetes, heart condition, hemophilia, pacemaker, seizures, transplant, surgery.

What is the problem with electrolysis? ›

Skin Reaction- Redness, Swelling, Scabs, Infection, Scarring - Hair removal by electrolysis does cause minor redness, swelling, dryness, blisters or even scab formation in the skin immediately after treatment, depending on the skin sensitivity, quality of equipment used, strength of current used (high currents have a ...

How many years does electrolysis last? ›

However, it's important to remember – the results last forever. Indeed, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the American Medical Association (AMA) consider electrolysis the only permanent hair removal method.

What are the five uses of electrolysis? ›

What are some important uses of electrolysis?
  • Extraction of metals from their ores. Electrolysis is widely used in the extraction of reactive metals, such as aluminum, from their ores. ...
  • Electroplating. ...
  • Production of hydrogen and oxygen. ...
  • Purification of metals. ...
  • Industrial production of chemicals.

How electrolysis is useful in daily life? ›

Electrolysis is used to produce electricity, which is one of the most vital and universal sources of energy. Electrolysis is a process that has many benefits, but one of the most important is the production of electricity. It's how we produce more than 98 percent of our nation's electricity.

What is electrolysis commonly used for? ›

Electrolysis is used extensively in metallurgical processes, such as in extraction (electrowinning) or purification (electrorefining) of metals from ores or compounds and in deposition of metals from solution (electroplating).

What are the uses of electrolytes in everyday life? ›

They regulate nerve and muscle function, hydrate the body, balance blood acidity and pressure, and help rebuild damaged tissue. The muscles and neurons are sometimes referred to as the “electric tissues” of the body. They rely on the movement of electrolytes through the fluid inside, outside, or between cells.

What are the reasons for using electrolysis? ›

The purpose of using electrolysis in metal extraction is to separate metal ions from a solution or molten substance and deposit them as pure metal at the electrodes. Electrolysis is particularly useful for extracting metals that cannot be obtained through reduction or smelting, such as aluminum and magnesium.

Which is a common application of electrolysis? ›

The main application of electrolysis are: Electrorefining. Electroplating. Extraction of metals.

How is electrolysis of water used in everyday life? ›

Real World Science: Water electrolysis can be used as a form of renewable energy to provide many benefits. Hydrogen produced in this reaction can be stored in fuel cells and serve as electricity, decreasing CO2 emissions and excess energy generated by solar power or wind turbines.

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