Antifungal medicines (2024)

Antifungal medicines are used to treat fungal infections, which most commonly affect your skin, hair and nails.

You can get some antifungal medicines from a pharmacy without needing a GP prescription.

Infections antifungals can treat

Fungal infections commonly treated with antifungals include:

Some fungal infections can grow inside the body and need to be treated in hospital.

Examples include:

You're more at risk of getting one of these more serious fungal infections if you have a weakened immune system – for example, if you're taking medicines to suppress your immune system.

Types of antifungal medicines

You can get antifungal medicines as:

  • a cream, gel, ointment or spray
  • a capsule, tablet or liquid
  • an injection
  • a pessary: a small and soft tablet you put inside the vagin*

Common names for antifungal medicines include:

How antifungal medicines work

Antifungal medicines work by either:

  • killing the fungus
  • preventing the fungus from growing

When to see a pharmacist or GP

See a pharmacist or GP if you think you have a fungal infection. They can advise you on which antifungal medicine is best for you.

If you take too much antifungal medicine, call 111 or speak to a pharmacist or GP.

If you're advised to go to hospital, take the medicine's packaging with you so the healthcare professionals who treat you know what you've taken.

Things to consider when using antifungal medicines

Before taking antifungal medicines, speak to a pharmacist or GP about:

  • any existing conditions or allergies that may affect your treatment for fungal infection
  • the possible side effects of antifungal medicines
  • whether the antifungal medicine may interact with other medicines you may already be taking
  • whether your antifungal medicine is suitable to take during pregnancy or while breastfeeding – many are not suitable

You can also check the patient information leaflet that comes with your antifungal medicine for more information.

Side effects of antifungal medicines

Antifungal medicines may cause side effects. These are usually mild and do not last long.

They can include:

  • itching or burning
  • redness
  • feeling sick
  • tummy (abdominal) pain
  • diarrhoea
  • a rash

Occasionally, antifungal medicines may cause a more severe reaction, such as:

  • an allergic reaction – your face, neck or tongue may swell and you may have difficulty breathing
  • a severe skin reaction – such as peeling or blistering skin
  • liver damage (very rarely) – you may have loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, jaundice, dark pee or pale poo, tiredness or weakness

Stop using the medicine if you have these severe side effects, and see a GP or pharmacist to find an alternative.

If you're having difficulty breathing, go to A&E or call 999.

Reporting side effects

If you think a medicine has made you unwell, you can report this side effect through the Yellow Card Scheme.

Antifungal medicines for children

Some antifungal medicines can be used to treat children and babies – for example, miconazole oral gel can be used for oral thrush in babies.

But different doses are usually needed for children of different ages. Speak to a pharmacist or GP for more advice.

Page last reviewed: 03 April 2023
Next review due: 03 April 2026

Antifungal medicines (2024)

FAQs

Antifungal medicines? ›

The most widely used are terbinafine for nail infections, miconazole and nystatin for oral thrush, and fluconazole for vagin*l thrush. These usually cause no side-effects. You can even buy fluconazole without a prescription at pharmacies, as it is considered a medicine which is unlikely to cause problems.

What is the best medicine for antifungal? ›

The most widely used are terbinafine for nail infections, miconazole and nystatin for oral thrush, and fluconazole for vagin*l thrush. These usually cause no side-effects. You can even buy fluconazole without a prescription at pharmacies, as it is considered a medicine which is unlikely to cause problems.

Can I get antifungal pills over-the-counter? ›

Antifungal medicines may be fungicidal (kill the fungus causing the infection) or fungistatic (slow the growth of the fungus). Some antifungals are available without a prescription from a pharmacy, but others require a prescription.

What is the strongest antifungal agent? ›

Amphotericin B is one of medicine's mightiest drugs: a potent, broad-spectrum antifungal antibiotic that kills even some of the most dangerous fungi outright. Despite more than half a century of use, pathogens have formed little resistance to it—a virtual unicorn in the antimicrobial world.

What is the strongest antibiotic for fungal infection? ›

Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AMB-d) is FDA indicated for treating life-threatening or potentially life-threatening fungal infections: aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, blastomycosis, systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and mucormycosis.

What kills fungus completely? ›

Ketoconazole will kill the fungus and prevent it from growing back. Alternatively, common shampoos, like Head and Shoulders, contain selenium sulfide, another antifungal agent. Do a bit of shopping and find an over-the-counter shampoo that works for you.

What is the fastest way to cure fungal? ›

Neem Leaves

Neem leaves have effective antifungal properties and are extremely good for the skin. Washing the infected area with neem water helps in treating fungal infections. To make neem water, boil neem leaves in water for 2 to 3 minutes.

Is apple cider vinegar antifungal? ›

Apple cider vinegar (ACV) is a scientifically proven antifungal. Laboratory research shows that it can inhibit the growth of candida cultivating in a petri dish.

What is the strongest over-the-counter fungal cream? ›

One excellent versatile option is CVS Health Clotrimazole Cream, which is one of the best antifungal creams for ringworm, jock itch and athlete's foot. You can use this product on many areas of your body to help treat fungal infections. Most conditions take up to four weeks to resolve.

Do fungal infections go away? ›

Fungal infections of your hair, skin and nails are usually not serious, but can take a while to completely go away with treatment. Deep fungal infections, like those in your lungs or other organs, can be life-threatening, especially if you're living with a weakened immune system.

Which soap is best for antifungal infections? ›

Abzorb Antifungal soap is highly effective in destroying fungal infections in the body. The soap works by killing and preventing the growth of fungus. This soap also relieves the body of symptoms caused by the fungal infection.

Why is fungus so hard to get rid of? ›

A need for new antifungals

That makes it very difficult to find a molecular target in a fungal cell that can be attacked without also causing severe damage to a human cell, which is why a lot of antifungals have serious side effects, Van Rhijn said. On top of that, fungi can develop resistance to a drug very quickly.

What is the safest oral antifungal? ›

The high cure rates of terbinafine against dermatophytes, as shown in many studies since its launch in the 1990s, together with lack of clinically significant drug interactions and well established safety record, indicate the use of continuous oral terbinafine as the top choice for the treatment of onychomycosis in ...

Can you buy fluconazole over-the-counter? ›

Fluconazole is available on prescription. You can also buy it from a pharmacy for vagin*l thrush or balanitis (brand names include Azocan and Canesten Thrush Oral Capsules). For thrush, you can also buy fluconazole capsules with clotrimazole cream from pharmacies (brand names include Canesten Thrush Duo).

What pill kills fungus? ›

Fluconazole is also sometimes used to treat serious fungal infections that begin in the lungs and can spread through the body and fungal infections of the eye, skin and nails.

Can you buy oral antifungal medicine over-the-counter? ›

Antifungal medicines are used to treat fungal infections, which most commonly affect your skin, hair and nails. You can get some antifungal medicines from a pharmacy without needing a GP prescription.

What is the strongest over the counter fungal cream? ›

One excellent versatile option is CVS Health Clotrimazole Cream, which is one of the best antifungal creams for ringworm, jock itch and athlete's foot. You can use this product on many areas of your body to help treat fungal infections. Most conditions take up to four weeks to resolve.

What is the most effective treatment for fungus? ›

Oral Antifungal Medications

Itraconazole — an antifungal capsule that treats fungal infections in any part of the body, such as the fingernails, toenails, lungs, mouth, throat, and more.

What are the most important antifungal drugs? ›

Azole Antifungal Drugs

The clinically useful imidazoles are clotrimazole, miconazole, and ketoconazole. Two important triazoles are itraconazole and fluconazole. In general, the azole antifungal agents are thought to inhibit cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of cell membrane sterols.

What is the new treatment for fungal infections? ›

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved rezafungin for injection, (REZZAYOTM), a treatment for patients with candidemia and invasive candidiasis.

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